Walking seems so simple and is taken for granted by most of us. We do not think that with each step we take, there is a complex set of actions required by our unique arrangement of bones, tendons, and ligaments that are put into motion. The main tendon that is required to move the foot is the Achilles tendon. This tendon connects the calf muscle to the hindfoot bone. Ligaments are bands of elastic tissue that are between bones. To move, muscles require stimulation from nerves that feed into the foot. The plantar fascia, the connective tissue running along the bottom of the foot, acts as a springboard for stepping. The largest bone in the foot, which is known as the calcaneus, forms the heel bone and is vital for foot balance and strength. The forefoot’s five metatarsal bones lead to the phalanges that make up the toes of the foot. Few people have knowledge of how our feet work to get us from place to place, but everything is put together to make this happen smoothly. Most of us only learn some of the biomechanics of the feet when something goes amiss. If you would like to learn more about how feet are put together and function, make an appointment with a podiatrist who can answer any questions you may have.

If you have any concerns about your feet, contact Dr. Steven Shlonsky from Louisville, Kentucky. Dr. Shlonsky can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Biomechanics in Podiatry

Podiatric biomechanics is a particular sector of specialty podiatry with licensed practitioners who are trained to diagnose and treat conditions affecting the foot, ankle and lower leg. Biomechanics deals with the forces that act against the body, causing an interference with the biological structures. It focuses on the movement of the ankle, the foot and the forces that interact with them.

A History of Biomechanics

• Biomechanics dates back to the BC era in Egypt where evidence of professional foot care has been recorded.
• In 1974, biomechanics gained a higher profile from the studies of Merton Root, who claimed that by changing or controlling the forces between the ankle and the foot, corrections or conditions could be implemented to gain strength and coordination in the area.

Modern technological improvements are based on past theories and therapeutic processes that provide a better understanding of podiatric concepts for biomechanics. Computers can provide accurate information about the forces and patterns of the feet and lower legs.

Understanding biomechanics of the feet can help improve and eliminate pain, stopping further stress to the foot.

If you have any questions please feel free to contact our office located in Louisville, KY . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.

There is an area that connects the Achilles tendon and the plantar fascia to the heel. It is called the growth center, and the medical term for this is known as the calcaneal apophysis. It is fully developed at approximately 12 to 14 years old, as it fuses to the bone. If the heel undergoes direct impact, resulting in excessive tension on the Achilles tendon and plantar fascia, it may result in Sever’s disease. This condition generally affects children and young teenagers between the ages of 9 and 13, and can cause considerable heel pain. Children who frequently participate in running and jumping activities may be prone to developing Sever’s disease. Mild relief may be found when the activity is temporarily stopped that caused the condition, and the foot is elevated and rested. It is beneficial to perform specific stretches that may help to accelerate the healing process. If your child has heel pain, please schedule an appointment with a podiatrist who can confirm the diagnosis of Sever's disease, and treat it accordingly.  

Sever's disease often occurs in children and teens. If your child is experiencing foot or ankle pain, see Dr. Steven Shlonsky from Louisville, Kentucky. Dr. Shlonsky can treat your child’s foot and ankle needs.

Sever’s Disease

Sever’s disease is also known as calcaneal apophysitis, which is a medical condition that causes heel pain I none or both feet. The disease is known to affect children between the ages of 8 and 14.

Sever’s disease occurs when part of the child’s heel known as the growth plate (calcaneal epiphysis) is attached to the Achilles tendon. This area can suffer injury when the muscles and tendons of the growing foot do not keep pace with bone growth. Therefore, the constant pain which one experiences at the back of the heel will make the child unable to put any weight on the heel. The child is then forced to walk on their toes.

Symptoms

Acute pain – Pain associated with Sever’s disease is usually felt in the heel when the child engages in physical activity such as walking, jumping and or running.

Highly active – Children who are very active are among the most susceptible in experiencing Sever’s disease, because of the stress and tension placed on their feet.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Louisville, KY . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle injuries.

Research has shown that elderly people may be at risk for falling. This can be a result of existing medical conditions, and the body may become weak from the aging process. There are things that can be done which may help to reduce falling episodes. The home may need to be rearranged, which can include removing worn rugs and clutter from the living area and installing grab bars in the shower and toilet area. Additionally, it is beneficial to purchase a bed that is low enough for the feet to touch the floor while sitting on the edge. Performing a routine exercise program can help to strengthen the overall body, possibly reducing the number of falls. Falling may cause the patient to break a foot or a toe, which may lead to the inability to complete daily tasks. If you would like more information about how falling can affect the feet and how to implement additional prevention methods, please consult with a podiatrist.

Preventing falls among the elderly is very important. If you are older and have fallen or fear that you are prone to falling, consult with Dr. Steven Shlonsky from Louisville, Kentucky. Dr. Shlonsky will assess your condition and provide you with quality advice and care.

Every 11 seconds, an elderly American is being treated in an emergency room for a fall related injury. Falls are the leading cause of head and hip injuries for those 65 and older. Due to decreases in strength, balance, senses, and lack of awareness, elderly persons are very susceptible to falling. Thankfully, there are a number of things older persons can do to prevent falls.

How to Prevent Falls

Some effective methods that older persons can do to prevent falls include:

• Enrolling in strength and balance exercise program to increase balance and strength
• Periodically having your sight and hearing checked
• Discuss any medications you have with a doctor to see if it increases the risk of falling
• Clearing the house of falling hazards and installing devices like grab bars and railings
• Utilizing a walker or cane
• Wearing shoes that provide good support and cushioning
• Talking to family members about falling and increasing awareness

Falling can be a traumatic and embarrassing experience for elderly persons; this can make them less willing to leave the house, and less willing to talk to someone about their fears of falling. Doing such things, however, will increase the likelihood of tripping or losing one’s balance. Knowing the causes of falling and how to prevent them is the best way to mitigate the risk of serious injury.  

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Louisville, KY . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Athlete’s foot can certainly cause toenail fungus. While athlete’s foot can seem like a minor skin ailment, it can lead to more challenging complications if it affects toenails. Athlete’s foot is a fungus that grows on the soles of the feet and in between the toes. It can cause the skin on the feet to crack, peel, and become flaky. Sometimes it will become red and itch and there will be burning and stinging sensations. Toenail fungus grows under the nails and lives off skin and keratin. This erodes the protein in the nails causing them to turn dark yellow. The nails can also become brittle, push away from the nail bed, and emit an unpleasant odor. If athlete’s foot is not treated early, it can spread to the toenails. Given that either of these things can turn into a more severe infection, particularly among diabetics and those with other health conditions, it is a good idea to see a podiatrist for treatment at the first sign of a fungal infection.

If left untreated, toenail fungus may spread to other toenails, skin, or even fingernails. If you suspect you have toenail fungus it is important to seek treatment right away. For more information about treatment, contact Dr. Steven Shlonsky of Louisville, Kentucky. Dr. Shlonsky can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Symptoms

• Warped or oddly shaped nails
• Yellowish nails
• Loose/separated nail
• Buildup of bits and pieces of nail fragments under the nail
• Brittle, broken, thickened nail

Treatment

If self-care strategies and over-the-counter medications does not help your fungus, your podiatrist may give you a prescription drug instead. Even if you find relief from your toenail fungus symptoms, you may experience a repeat infection in the future.

Prevention

In order to prevent getting toenail fungus in the future, you should always make sure to wash your feet with soap and water. After washing, it is important to dry your feet thoroughly especially in between the toes. When trimming your toenails, be sure to trim straight across instead of in a rounded shape. It is crucial not to cover up discolored nails with nail polish because that will prevent your nail from being able to “breathe”.

In some cases, surgical procedure may be needed to remove the toenail fungus. Consult with your podiatrist about the best treatment options for your case of toenail fungus.  

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Louisville, KY . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

If you see a rough patch of skin on your toes or on the bottom of your feet, it may be a corn. Many corns develop on the pinky toe as a result of excessive friction that comes from wearing shoes that are too tight. A corn that forms on this toe can cause severe pain, despite its small size. Corns are defined as dead skin, surrounded by redness and inflammation. Two common categories of corns are referred to as hard and soft. The latter is found between the toes, as a result of the consistent moisture that collects from sweat. Hard corns can be found on the bottom of the feet, or on top of the toes. Mild relief may be found when a protective patch is worn over the corn, and this may help to prevent further pressure from friction. An effective preventive method consists of wearing shoes that fit correctly. If you have corns on your feet, please consult with a podiatrist who may recommend minor surgery for permanent removal.

If you have any concerns regarding your feet and ankles, contact Dr. Steven Shlonsky of Louisville, Kentucky. Dr. Shlonsky will treat your foot and ankle needs.

Corns: What Are They? and How Do You Get Rid of Them?
Corns can be described as areas of the skin that have thickened to the point of becoming painful or irritating. They are often layers and layers of the skin that have become dry and rough, and are normally smaller than calluses.

Ways to Prevent Corns
There are many ways to get rid of painful corns such as wearing:

• Well-fitting socks
• Comfortable shoes that are not tight around your foot
• Shoes that offer support

Treating Corns
Treatment of corns involves removing the dead skin that has built up in the specific area of the foot. Consult with Dr. Shlonsky to determine the best treatment option for your case of corns.

If you have any questions please feel free to contact our office located in Louisville, KY . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.

Lawn bowling can be fun and provide competition in a friendly community of like-minded people. As with many sports, one can sustain foot and ankle injuries in lawn bowling. Common foot and ankle injuries from this activity include falls resulting in fractures, especially to the ankle. It is important to warm up properly, stretch, and do balance and strength training exercises before beginning any physical activity. Maintain proper form and technique during play. Also, it is imperative to let injuries heal properly before getting back to play, as this will help prevent worsening of the original injury, re-injury, strains, and sprains. See a podiatrist if your feet or ankles have been injured during lawn bowling. This foot and ankle care professional can evaluate the problem and provide treatment that will get you back into the sport you derive so much enjoyment from as soon as possible.

Ankle and foot injuries are common among athletes and in many sports. They can be caused by several problems and may be potentially serious. If you are feeling pain or think you were injured in a sporting event or when exercising, consult with Dr. Steven Shlonsky from Louisville, Kentucky. Dr. Shlonsky will assess your condition and provide you with quality foot and ankle treatment.

Common Injuries

The most common injuries that occur in sporting activities include:

• Achilles Tendonitis
• Achilles Tendon Rupture
• Ankle Sprains
• Broken Foot
• Plantar Fasciitis
• Stress Fractures
• Turf Toe

Symptoms

Symptoms vary depending upon the injury and in some cases, there may be no symptoms at all. However, in most cases, some form of symptom is experienced. Pain, aching, burning, bruising, tenderness, tightness or stiffness, sensation loss, difficulty moving, and swelling are the most common symptoms.

Treatment

Just as symptoms vary depending upon the injury, so do treatment options. A common treatment method is known as the RICE method. This method involves rest, applying ice, compression and elevating the afflicted foot or ankle. If the injury appears to be more serious, surgery might be required, such as arthroscopic or reconstructive surgery. Lastly, rehabilitation or therapy might be needed to gain full functionality in the afflicted area. Any discomfort experienced by an athlete must be evaluated by a licensed, reputable medical professional.  

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Louisville, KY . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

A broken toe can wreak havoc while attempting to complete daily activities, and it may happen for various reasons. These can include stubbing it into a piece of furniture, which is generally the pinky toe, or from dropping a heavy object on it. Most people experience immediate pain, bruising, and swelling with a broken toe, and promptly seek medical attention. If the fracture is mild, the buddy taping method may work well. This is done by taping the broken toe to the toe next to it, which is generally successful in providing the stability that is needed as the healing process occurs. It is beneficial to stay off of the foot as much as possible, and frequently elevating it may reduce some of the swelling. If the break is severe, a bone may protrude from the toe, piercing the skin, and it may look deformed. This type of fracture needs immediate medical attention from a podiatrist, and it is suggested that you contact this type of doctor who can diagnose and treat your broken toe accordingly.

Broken toes may cause a lot of pain and should be treated as soon as possible. If you have any concerns about your feet, contact Dr. Steven Shlonsky from Louisville, Kentucky. Dr. Shlonsky will treat your foot and ankle needs.

What Is a Broken Toe?

A broken toe occurs when one or more of the toe bones of the foot are broken after an injury. Injuries such as stubbing your toe or dropping a heavy object on it may cause a toe fracture.

Symptoms of a Broken Toe

• Swelling
• Pain (with/without wearing shoes)
• Stiffness
• Nail Injury

Although the injured toe should be monitored daily, it is especially important to have a podiatrist look at your toe if you have severe symptoms. Some of these symptoms include worsening or new pain that is not relieved with medication, sores, redness, or open wounds near the toe.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Louisville, KY . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Pain in the arch of the foot may indicate that a plantar fibroma has formed. Many people can experience pain and discomfort, even though it is a benign growth. Common symptoms can include a noticeable lump that has formed in the arch and it may hurt more when wearing restrictive shoes or walking barefoot. Research suggests plantar fibromas may be more prevalent among people who have endured previous foot injuries. There may also be existing medical conditions that can contribute to the development of a plantar fibroma including liver disease, epilepsy, and diabetes. Additionally, there may be a connection between certain medications or supplements and having this type of growth. These can include high blood pressure meds, anti-seizure meds, glucosamine, and large doses of vitamin C. If you have this foot condition, it is suggested that you speak with a podiatrist sooner rather than later who can guide you toward the correct treatment methods. 

A plantar fibroma may disrupt your daily activities. If you have any concerns, contact Dr. Steven Shlonsky of Louisville, Kentucky. Dr. Shlonsky can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Plantar Fibroma

A plantar fibroma is a fibrous knot in the arch of the foot. It is embedded in the plantar fascia which is a band of tissue that extends from the heel to the toes along the bottom of the foot. There can be multiple plantar fibromas in the feet at the same time. There are no known causes for this condition. If you have a plantar fibroma, there will be a bump in the arch of your foot that cannot be missed. Any associated pain is most often due to a shoe rubbing against the nodule. Non-surgical options, such as steroid injections, physical therapy, and orthotics should be tried first. Surgery is a last resort and is the only thing that will remove a plantar fibroma entirely. Consult with a podiatrist for a proper diagnosis and to determine the treatment regimen that is right for you.

What Causes a Plantar Fibroma?

While there are no specific causes identified, a plantar fibroma can possibly come from genetic predisposition or the formation of scar tissue that forms from healing the tears in the plantar fascia.

What Are the Symptoms of a Plantar Fibroma?

There will be a noticeable lump in the arch of the foot that may or may not cause pain. If pain is felt, it is typically because a shoe is rubbing up against the lump or when walking or standing barefoot.

Treatment and Prevention

A plantar fibroma will not disappear without treatment, but it can get smaller and be a non-issue. If pain persists, a podiatrist examines the foot and when the arch of the foot is pressed, pain can be felt down to the toes. An MRI or biopsy might be performed to help diagnose or evaluate the plantar fibroma. The following non-surgical options are generally enough to reduce the size and pain of these nodules:

• Steroid injections
• Orthotics
• Physical therapy to help apply anti-inflammatory creams on the bump 

Surgery is considered if the mass increases in size and the patient continues to feel pain after non-surgical methods are tried.

If you have any questions please feel free to contact our office located in Louisville, KY . We offer the newest diagnostic tools and technology to treat your foot and ankle needs.